Research on UAV positioning model based on pure azimuth passive positioning

Abstract

This paper investigates a pure azimuth passive positioning model for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) formations, with a focus on circular formations as an example. The model utilizes the polar coordinate system and geometric principles to derive formulas for calculating the azimuth angle, distance angle, and ideal position coordinates of UAVs. It also accounts for receiving errors and proposes a positioning adjustment method to address deviations from ideal positions. Mathematical induction is employed to unify the relationships between variables under different conditions. The developed model enables the extraction of azimuth angles from received signals and calculates UAV positions within the polar coordinate system. Results demonstrate the model's effectiveness in determining the precise location of UAVs in formations, even under non-ideal conditions. This work fills a gap in the field of UAV formation positioning, providing a theoretical foundation for accurate and reliable positioning. Furthermore, the proposed approach paves the way for future improvements in real-time compensation mechanisms for dynamic errors, with potential applications in diverse UAV formation configurations.