Design of Crop Planting Strategies in the Mountainous Areas of North China Based on a Multi-Objective Optimization Model

Abstract

With the development of the organic farming industry, reasonable crop planting strategies are critical to improving agricultural benefits. Taking a village in the mountainous areas of North China as an example, this paper proposes the optimal crop planting plans from 2024 to 2030 to achieve sustainable rural economic development. Based on data, a multi-objective optimization model is established, considering objectives such as maximizing total profit and minimizing planting area dispersion, and incorporating constraints such as suitable plots for crops and avoiding continuous cropping of the same crop. The NSGA-II algorithm is used to solve the multi-objective optimization model, generating multiple Pareto-optimal solutions and reducing excessive planting. For surplus production, the MOEA/D algorithm is adopted to handle multi-objective optimization problems. The model calculates a maximum profit of 46,895,620 CNY and determines the optimal planting strategy. After considering surplus production, the maximum profit increases to 48,123,540 CNY. The crop planting plan proposed in this paper balances the relationship between profit and planting area dispersion and optimizes adjustments for surplus production to maximize village economic benefits. The optimal crop planting strategies for 2024 to 2030 demonstrate that the multi-objective optimization model can effectively address the problem of optimization design in crop planting strategies and provide a scientific basis for improving agricultural benefits. This study also provides a reference for designing crop planting strategies in other regions.