A review of human pathogenic fungi prevalence, resistance and detection methods

Abstract

Against the background of overuse of antibiotics, the problem of their resistance is growing. Pathogenic fungi can cause dermatologic, histologic, and systemic diseases in humans. This paper reviews the status of drug resistance in human pathogenic fungi and related research progress. It describes the common pathogenic fungal species and their pathogenic mechanisms. Common pathogenic fungi include Cryptococcus, Candida, and Aspergillus. Based on the common antifungal drugs, the main mechanisms of fungal resistance, and the results of resistance epidemiology survey, the status of research and development of novel antifungal drugs such as azoles and polyenes, as well as fungal detection methods such as second-generation sequencing and PCR are integrated. In contrast, the outlook of the existing Clinical Fungus Detection Methods and the status of fungal resistance research is presented.