The Impact of Drug Molecular Bonding Methods on Metabolic Stability and Efficacy

Feiyang Xu

doi:10.54097/49tyqz23

Authors

Feiyang Xu

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54097/49tyqz23

Keywords:

Metabolic stability of drugs, Chemical bond modification, Computer-aided drug design (CADD), Prodrug design, Personalized treatment.

Abstract

The chemical bonds within drug molecules play a critical role in the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of drugs, directly impacting their metabolic stability and efficacy. This review systematically explores the roles of various chemical bonds, such as hydrogen bonds, covalent bonds, and ionic bonds, in drug metabolism. By optimizing the types and bonding methods of these chemical bonds, metabolic stability can be significantly improved, half-life extended, and the generation of toxic metabolites reduced, thereby enhancing the safety and efficacy of drugs. This article provides an in-depth analysis of how structural modifications to drug molecules can optimize metabolic pathways, discussing metabolic optimization strategies in covalent modifications of representative drugs, such as aspirin and paclitaxel. Moreover, techniques such as prodrug design, nanoparticles, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) modifications have further advanced the targeted regulation of drug metabolic pathways. In the future, emerging technologies like computer-aided drug design (CADD), artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) will provide more precise support for the design of drug molecular bonds and personalized treatment strategies, promoting the optimization of drug metabolic pathways, reducing toxic reactions, and enhancing clinical efficacy. This study provides significant theoretical foundation and technical direction for future drug design.

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